Vitamin B12 deficiency: NICE guideline summary | The BMJ
Jun 13, 2024 · Vitamin B 12 deficiency is associated with a range of symptoms and signs, resulting in substantial variation in patient presentation. While epidemiological data are limited, cross sectional studies from the UK and US suggest a prevalence of 3% in people aged 20-39, increasing with age up to about 20% in people aged 85 and over.1 2 Complications of vitamin B 12 deficiency include visual changes ...
Advances in management of heart failure | The BMJ
Apr 10, 2024 · Survival. Survival following a diagnosis of heart failure is poor and is highly influenced by age. In the UK, survival approaches 80% at five years for people aged 45-64 but is closer to 20% at five years for those aged ≥85.7 Fortunately, survival rates have improved since 2000, particularly among younger patients.7 Although overall survival is an important outcome, it reflects the combined ...
PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and …
Mar 29, 2021 · The methods and results of systematic reviews should be reported in sufficient detail to allow users to assess the trustworthiness and applicability of the review findings. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was developed to facilitate transparent and complete reporting of systematic reviews and has been updated (to PRISMA 2020) to reflect ...
Impact of vaping on respiratory health | The BMJ
Jul 18, 2022 · Widespread uptake of vaping has signaled a sea change in the future of nicotine consumption. Vaping has grown in popularity over the past decade, in part propelled by innovations in vape pen design and nicotine flavoring. Teens and young adults have seen the biggest uptake in use of vape pens, which have superseded conventional cigarettes as the preferred modality of nicotine consumption ...
Food and mood: how do diet and nutrition affect mental wellbeing?
Jun 29, 2020 · Poor nutrition may be a causal factor in the experience of low mood, and improving diet may help to protect not only the physical health but also the mental health of the population, say Joseph Firth and colleagues ### Key messages Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health conditions worldwide, making them a leading cause of disability.1 Even beyond diagnosed conditions ...
Ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes: …
Feb 28, 2024 · Objective To evaluate the existing meta-analytic evidence of associations between exposure to ultra-processed foods, as defined by the Nova food classification system, and adverse health outcomes. Design Systematic umbrella review of existing meta-analyses. Data sources MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, as well as manual searches of reference lists ...
Effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network …
Feb 14, 2024 · Objective To identify the optimal dose and modality of exercise for treating major depressive disorder, compared with psychotherapy, antidepressants, and control conditions. Design Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Methods Screening, data extraction, coding, and risk of bias assessment were performed independently and in duplicate. Bayesian arm based, multilevel network meta ...
Safe handover - The BMJ
Oct 9, 2017 · #### What you need to know High quality handovers are essential for safe healthcare and are used in many clinical situations. Miscommunication during handovers can lead to unnecessary diagnostic delays, patients not receiving required treatment, and medication errors.1 Miscommunication is one of the leading causes for adverse events resulting in death or serious injury to patients.2 The ...
Writing a case report in 10 steps - The BMJ
May 27, 2015 · First steps. Begin by sitting down with your medical team to discuss the interesting aspects of the case and the learning points to highlight. Ideally, a registrar or middle grade will mentor you and give you guidance.
Investigating raised creatine kinase | The BMJ
Jun 23, 2021 · A 76 year old man with hypercholesterolaemia is referred to the lipid clinic because of persistently raised creatine kinase activity of 1000 IU/L or above (reference range 40-320 IU/L) after trying multiple statins. He describes no significant myalgia but had some proximal muscle weakness, which is demonstrated when he stands up from a …